T1 = upstream temperature in degrees Rankin (70 + 460 = 530) Values for pressures above 15 psig can be calculated by the following approximate formula by S.A. Now let’s look at some formulas that will help us understand this concept a little better. In the above, we mentioned that air leak loss and higher than normally required system air pressure lead to artificial demand. The above small leaks in less considered places are really the biggest contributors, because there are usually so many of them within the facilities production areas. Sometimes leaks are the result of human error workers may leave leaking tools on or neglect to close valves and stop the supply of air when there is no need for a particular application or when production has stopped for the day.
If lift trucks, pallet jacks or other material-handling equipment bump a pipe connection occasionally, the fittings may crack.The location of the piping can cause future leaks.Poor quality materials may save money initially, but don’t forget that cheap can cost you.Pipe fittings may be loose because equipment has been installed improperly or because sealant was applied incorrectly during installation.Piston-packing leaks are apparent at the cylinder control valve exhaust port.Air cylinders often leak around the rod seals or piston packing.There are a few other often-overlooked causes of leaks to keep in mind:
However the real problems are usually found at ground level in air hoses, hose connections and fittings, quick couplers, filters, regulators and line lubricators. There’s a perception that air leaks are most often found in the overhead distribution (the air system network piping), and of course, some are. What the company really needed was a program to educate its maintenance staff about testing procedures and technologies that would eliminate energy waste and allow the plant to run more efficiently. Installing a larger air compressor would only have compounded the problem by increasing energy consumption.
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